CLaRK System Online User Manual

• Menu Document
• Change
• Change DTD
• Validate
• New view
• Edit current view layout
• Add default attributes
• Remove default attributes

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Menu Document

Change

This option becomes relevant when more than one document are opened in the system. There appears a window with the list of all the documents, that are currently opened.

By selecting an item from this list, the user can change the active document in the system. If the opened document in the system is exactly one, this operation is not applicable.

Change DTD

It changes the DTD of the current document. One can choose between all DTDs, that have already been compiled into the system. When a new DTD is selected, it is assigned to the current document. Now the document is validated with respect to this new DTD and its layout is updated according to the DTD's layout. If the document contains default attributes, whose default values are unchanged,i.e. still obey the old DTD, then such attributes are removed.

Validate

An icon on the toolbar

The DTD consists of

• element definitions
• name declaration
• regular expression that defines the content of the element
• attribute definitions

For more information see http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml

Validation error messages

These are various messages, which appear after applying the validation procedure to a document. All of them mean that the document is not valid and at the same time each of them gives a prompt about the error source.

1. "Root must be "root_name" !"

   This message is shown when the document element is other than the DOCTYPE of the DTD (or the DOCTYPE, which was selected after the DTD compilaion)

   Example :

   In the DTD:
   <!DOCTYPE books [ ….

   At the beginning of the document:
   <library> ….

2. "ID "attr_val" for attribute "attr_name" not found !"

   There is an attribute of type IDREF (or IDREFS), but the id (ids), which it refers to, is (are) not found in the document.

3. "Duplicate ID for attribute "attr_name" !"

   There are two or more elements which have attributes of type ID with the same value.

4. "Entity "entity" not declared (in attribute "attr_name") !"
   

   The attribute is of type ENTITY or ENTITIES, but it contains value (values) that is (are) not declared in the DTD.

5. "Element "element" not allowed as a child at that position for element "parent" "
   

   This error message is given if some element cannot be placed in a certain position among the child nodes of another element.
   Example :

   In the DTD:
   <!ELEMENT books book+>
   In the document:
   <books>
   <book>…</book>
   <author>…</author>
   </books>

6. "Element "element" not found!" or "Element "element" is not declared!"
   

   The element is not declared in the DTD.

7. "Element "element" must be EMPTY!"

   The element is declared in the DTD as an element with empty content, but in the document it is used with non-empty content.

8. "Content not finished checking type "element" !"
   

   This message is given when the element requires more children to complete its content.
   Example:

   In the DTD:
   <!ELEMENT book title, author+, publisher>
   In the document:
   <book>
   <title>Alice in Wonderland</title>
   <author>Luis Carol</author>
   </book>

9. "#REQUIRED attributes missing! (list_of_REQUIRED_attr)" or "Required attribute "attr_name" for element "element" is missing!"

   The message is given when an element does not contain a #REQUIRED attribute.

10. "Element "element" has no attribute named "attr_name" !"

    The message is given when an element is assigned an attribute, which was not declared for the element's type in the DTD.

11. "Attribute "attr_name" must contain only one token - "attr_value" !"

    The attribute is of type NMTOKEN, but contains more than one token.

12. "Bad ID - "id" - for attribute "attr_name" !"

    The attribute is of type ID, but contains a value that cannot be an ID.
    Example :

    …<book id=”123 456”>…

13. "Bad ID reference - "id_ref" - for attribute "attr_name" !"

    The attribute is of type IDREF, but contains a value that cannot be an ID.

14. "Value "attr_value" of attribute "attr_name" must be among (list_of_values)!"

    The attribute has a value, which is not possible for it.
    Example :

    In the DTD:
    <!ATTLIST author 
    title ( Mr. | Ms. | Miss. ) #IMPLIED >
    In the document
    …<author title = ”Dr.”>…

15. "Attribute "attr_name" has a FIXed default value - "def_value", not "wrong_value !"

    The message is given when an attribute tries to change its FIXED value in the DTD.

New view

It opens a new view for the current document. This new view is presented in a new window with a the DTD layout. The new view is synchronized with the other views of the same document. For example, when a node is selected in one view, it is automatically selected in the others. All changes made in one of the views are immediately updated in the others. The only thing which remains independent for each view is the layout. When a view is opened, it takes its initial layout from the DTD. This layout can be modified later. For more details about editing view's layout see Edit current view layout.

Edit current view layout

An icon on the toolbar

Edit current view layout item allows for editing of the layout for each element in a DTD. For each tag (opening or closing) additional new lines can be attached before and after the tag. In this way the text view gets improved. The tag and its children can be visible or invisible. It means that the user can hide the information he/she is not interested in. The layout is set only for the current view of the document. After closing the view, all the information about the layout is lost. If the user wants to save the layout, this must be done by the DTD Layout. For more information about the layout table, see Edit DTD layout in menu DTD.

Add default attributes

This item adds default attributes(if defined) to every element in the current document. The default attributes of each element in the document, which were defined in the DTD, are stored in a list. If the element has an attribute, which is not a member of this list, then this attribute is added to the list together with its default value. After applying this operation, the system shows how many new attributes have been added to the current document.

Remove default attributes

This item removes all default attributes, which possess unchanged default values in the current document. The procedure is as follows: First, all default attributes, which have been defined for the element, are taken from the DTD. Then, it is checked for the element in the document whether it has each of the attributes or not. If the answer is positive, then the attribute's value is compared with the default value for this attribute in the DTD. And if they are the same, the attribute is removed from the element in the document.
After applying this operation, the system shows how many attributes have been removed from the current document.

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